rfc9693v2.txt   rfc9693.txt 
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) G. Lencse Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) G. Lencse
Request for Comments: 9693 Széchenyi István University Request for Comments: 9693 Széchenyi István University
Category: Informational K. Shima Category: Informational K. Shima
ISSN: 2070-1721 SoftBank Corp. ISSN: 2070-1721 SoftBank Corp.
December 2024 January 2025
Benchmarking Methodology for Stateful NATxy Gateways Benchmarking Methodology for Stateful NATxy Gateways
Abstract Abstract
RFC 2544 defines a benchmarking methodology for network interconnect RFC 2544 defines a benchmarking methodology for network interconnect
devices. RFC 5180 addresses IPv6 specificities, and it also provides devices. RFC 5180 addresses IPv6 specificities, and it also provides
a technology update but excludes IPv6 transition technologies. RFC a technology update but excludes IPv6 transition technologies. RFC
8219 addresses IPv6 transition technologies, including stateful 8219 addresses IPv6 transition technologies, including stateful
NAT64. However, none of them discuss how to apply pseudorandom port NAT64. However, none of them discuss how to apply pseudorandom port
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Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Not all documents Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Not all documents
approved by the IESG are candidates for any level of Internet approved by the IESG are candidates for any level of Internet
Standard; see Section 2 of RFC 7841. Standard; see Section 2 of RFC 7841.
Information about the current status of this document, any errata, Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9693. https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9693.
Copyright Notice Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2024 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the Copyright (c) 2025 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved. document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Revised BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the include Revised BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the
Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described
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As described in [RFC4814], pseudorandom port numbers are REQUIRED, As described in [RFC4814], pseudorandom port numbers are REQUIRED,
which the authors believe is a good approximation of the distribution which the authors believe is a good approximation of the distribution
of the source port numbers a NATxy gateway on the Internet may be of the source port numbers a NATxy gateway on the Internet may be
faced with. faced with.
Although the enumeration of all possible four tuples is not a Although the enumeration of all possible four tuples is not a
requirement for the first extreme situation and the usage of requirement for the first extreme situation and the usage of
different four tuples in test phase 1 is not a requirement for the different four tuples in test phase 1 is not a requirement for the
second extreme situation, pseudorandom enumeration of all possible second extreme situation, pseudorandom enumeration of all possible
four tuples in test phase 1 is a good solution in both cases. four tuples in test phase 1 is a good solution in both cases.
Pseudorandom enumeration of all possible four tuples may be computing Pseudorandom enumeration of all possible four tuples may be generated
efficiently generated by preparing a random permutation of the in a computationally efficient way by using Durstenfeld's random
previously enumerated all possible four tuples using Durstenfeld's shuffle algorithm [DUST1964] to prepare a random permutation of the
random shuffle algorithm [DUST1964]. previously enumerated all possible four tuples.
The enumeration of the four tuples in increasing or decreasing order The enumeration of the four tuples in increasing or decreasing order
(or in any other specific order) MAY be used as an additional (or in any other specific order) MAY be used as an additional
measurement. measurement.
4.5. Measurement of the Maximum Connection Establishment Rate 4.5. Measurement of the Maximum Connection Establishment Rate
The maximum connection establishment rate is an important The maximum connection establishment rate is an important
characteristic of the stateful NATxy gateway, and its determination characteristic of the stateful NATxy gateway, and its determination
is necessary for the safe execution of test phase 1 (without frame is necessary for the safe execution of test phase 1 (without frame
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of the DUT. If the DUT is a general-purpose computer and some of the DUT. If the DUT is a general-purpose computer and some
software NATxy gateway implementation is tested, then the hardware software NATxy gateway implementation is tested, then the hardware
description SHOULD include the following: description SHOULD include the following:
* computer type * computer type
* CPU type * CPU type
* number of active CPU cores * number of active CPU cores
* memory type * memory type, size, and speed
* size and speed
* network interface card type (also reflecting the speed) * network interface card type (also reflecting the speed)
* direct cable connections or the type of switch used for * the fact that direct cable connections were use or the type of
interconnecting the Tester and the DUT switch used for interconnecting the Tester and the DUT
The operating system type and version, kernel version, and version of The operating system type and version, kernel version, and version of
the NATxy gateway implementation (including the last commit date and the NATxy gateway implementation (including the last commit date and
number if applicable) SHOULD also be given. number if applicable) SHOULD also be given.
7. Implementation and Experience 7. Implementation and Experience
The stateful extension of siitperf [SIITPERF] is an implementation of The stateful extension of siitperf [SIITPERF] is an implementation of
this concept. Its first version that only supports multiple port this concept. Its first version that only supports multiple port
numbers is documented in this (open access) paper: [LEN2022]. Its numbers is documented in this (open access) paper: [LEN2022]. Its
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